This study briefs a historical overview and an analysis of the status and national role of the Christian community in Gaza throughout its stages of development. It describes and explains the beginnings of the emergence of Christianity in Palestine, the historical origins of Christianity in the Gaza Strip with its sects and churches, the demographic status of Christians in the Gaza Strip, their status in society, and their role in the Palestinian national movement since the beginning of the Zionist project in Palestine, in which many Christian national figures led resistance to Zionism, and played an important role in the Palestinian revolution and national movement since its inception. Numerous Christian national organizations and figures took part in the 1987 Intifada of the Stones and contributed to the fight against Israeli occupation after 1967. Throughout the Palestinian national struggle, the Christians of Gaza suffered numerous martyrdoms, sacrifices, injuries, and imprisonments. The study demonstrated the significant contribution that Christian organizations in the Gaza Strip rendered to the resilience of Palestinian society in general and the Christian presence in particular, as well as to the enhancement of Palestinian intellectual and cultural life. These organizations, motivated by their national, moral, and religious impelling, strive to strengthen the Palestinian people’s resolve in Gaza through health, education, rehabilitation, and cultural programs and to create an environment that helps enhance the capabilities and skills of Palestinian individuals. The study explained the challenges and difficulties facing the Christian community in Gaza at both the political and security levels, which is represented by the Israeli occupation and its acts of aggression against the Christian community, the divisions and strife’s within the Palestinian community, and its impact on people and society, and its part in raising the rates of unemployment, poverty, and migration among Gaza’s Christian community. It also highlighted the economic and social issues that are faced by the Christian community, including poverty, unemployment, lack of employment, and the housing and marital crises, all of which served as further catalysts for the migration of many Christians from Gaza.